MANEJO DEL FETO CON TRANSLUCENCIA NUCAL AUMENTADA
Resumen
La medida de la Translucencia Nucal (TN) es un método ampliamente aceptado en el cribado de anomalías cromosómicas. Su técnica está bien descrita y estandarizada, refiriéndose como aumentada cuando la medida está por encima del percentil 95.
Su combinación con la edad materna, hueso nasal y marcadores bioquímicos, pueden detectar aproximadamente el 90% de los fetos con Trisomía 21 y en forma aislada el 70% con una tasa de falsos positivos del 5%.
Se han atribuido como causa de su aumento a la falla cardíaca, alteración en la composición de la matriz extracelular, hipoproteinemia fetal, congestión venosa en cabeza y cuello, fallo del drenaje linfático, infecciones congénitas o anemia fetal.
Su aumento se ha asociado a abortos o muertes fetales, anomalías fetales mayores y entre ellas las cardíacas o bien Síndromes genéticos, asociado a infecciones, macrosomía e incluso retraso en el desarrollo, por lo que no solamente se circunscribe a las alteraciones cromosómicas. De ahí
radica su importancia de conocer el manejo de estas pacientes, en especial si el cariotipo es normal.
Palabras clave
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Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Universidad Nacional de Asunción
