Frecuencia y carga viral relativa del virus del papiloma humano de alto riesgo según el diagnóstico citológico en mujeres paraguayas por captura híbrida II

Laura Mendoza, Malvina Páez, Ariel Insaurralde, Maria Isabel Rodríguez, Amalia Castro, Elena Kasamatsu

Resumen


El cáncer de cuello uterino es el tumor maligno más frecuente en mujeres de Latinoamérica y su agente causal es el virus del papiloma humano (HPV). Recientemente en Paraguay incorporamos el método de captura híbrida II (CH II), el cual detecta 13 tipos de HPV de alto riesgo oncogénico (HR-HPV) y proporciona valores relativos de carga viral. El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la carga viral relativa de HR-HPV por CH II según el diagnóstico citológico. Fueron incluidas 566 mujeres (33 + 10 años) atendidas en el Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud 2006/2009. Fue detectado HR-HPV en 43% de las mujeres (241/566), observándose una alta frecuencia del 23% en mujeres con ausencia de lesión intraepitelial (NSIL). Según el diagnóstico citológico, se evidenció una diferencia altamente significativa entre los valores de carga viral relativa (p<0,0001; Kruskal Wallis), observándose un aumento de carga viral relativa de mujeres con NSIL a mujeres con SIL (68 pg/ml en ausencia de SIL; 710 pg/ml para SIL de bajo grado-LSIL y 474 pg/ml para SIL de alto grado-HSIL). No se observó cambio significativo en la carga viral relativa entre LSIL y HSIL (p=0,60; prueba t de Student). Los resultados sugieren que los valores de carga viral relativa proporcionados por CH II pueden ser considerados como un indicador importante en el manejo de mujeres con sospecha de SIL.

Palabras clave


Carga viral relativa; virus del papiloma humano de alto riesgo; captura híbrida II; diagnóstico citológico.

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Referencias


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